Science (HS)

Overview
Science is the tool humans use to learn about how our universe works. Scientific investigation leads to the development of theories that explain how our world functions, and that allow us to predict the outcomes of future experiments. Our mission is to inspire intellectual curiosity in our students about the natural world and, through a diverse and challenging curriculum, provide them with the tools for exploring and understanding that world.

We offer numerous courses in the biological, chemical, physical and earth sciences, all of which involve hands-on work in the laboratory or in the field. Students learn to make careful observations, analyze data, and draw conclusions; we emphasize the development of analytical problem-solving skills and higher order thinking processes over rote memorization.

High school students must take a minimum of three years of science, including a course each in earth systems science, chemistry, and biology. On average, however, Burke students take more than four years of science. Over the last decade, nearly 20% of each graduating class enrolled in two science courses during senior year, and over 35% took at least one AP course in their junior or senior year. It’s not uncommon for highly motivated seniors who are strong in science to take two AP courses simultaneously.

Course Sequence

  • 9th Grade: Earth Systems Science or Chemistry
  • 10th Grade: Chemistry, Conceptual Chemistry, or Advanced Earth Systems Science
  • 11th Grade: Biology, AP Chemistry, or Physics; students can also take Biology in the summer prior to 11th Grade
  • 12th Grade: Physics or Conceptual Physics, AP Biology, AP Chemistry, AP Physics
  • 11th-12th Grade: additional electives once students have completed the Biology course
  • Recent independent studies have included Astronomy, Genetics, and Organic Chemistry, conducted with mentorship from a member of the science faculty

Preparation for College
Students conclude High School Science well prepared for college-level work because:

  • all science courses have a strong laboratory component and emphasize hands-on learning, critical thinking, and the development of problem-solving skills.
  • many science teachers use local resources for teaching, including field work in Rock Creek Park, at the National Zoo, or in other Smithsonian museums.
  • we have an active Science Teaching Assistant program, in which older students who enjoy science and have done very well serve as TAs for introductory level courses.

A substantial number of graduates pursue science and engineering in college, and several are in (or have completed) graduate programs in science and medicine; Burke is a great place for kids who are excited about science!
  • Adv. Biology

    Advanced Biology is designed for highly motivated high school students who wish to accelerate through the science curriculum in order to take on more advanced course work. This four-week summer course emphasizes molecular topics such as biochemistry, cellular respiration, photosynthesis, genetics, protein synthesis, genetic engineering, and gene regulation. A study of diversity among the five kingdoms is also covered. Forty percent of class time is spent in the laboratory performing experiments, which complement lecture material. Upon successful completion, the student will receive academic credit for a full year of Biology.
  • Adv. Earth Systems Science

    Advanced Earth System Science is a comprehensive course that emphasizes a problem solving approach in developing an understanding of the fundamentals of Earth’s dynamic system. In this course, students will examine a variety of Earth’s processes to learn how to analyze a complex system using scientific methods that are both laboratory and field based. The course aims to foster spatial and systems thinking and an understanding of important problems in global environmental change.
  • Adv. Research in Molecular Biology

    Advanced Research in Molecular Biology is a laboratory- and project-based course in which students will engage in hands-on scientific research. Molecular biology techniques will include DNA extraction, gel electrophoresis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and DNA sequencing. Students will investigate the distribution and the effect of Wolbachia (a common bacterium) in different populations of insects.  Through collaboration with their peers, they will design experiments based on their hypotheses, conduct experiments based on the procedures they develop using molecular biology techniques and analyze their results. The course will culminate in a symposium where students will share their findings through poster presentations.
  • AP Biology

    Advanced Placement Biology meets the requirements of a full- year, college level, introductory biology course. Concepts covered include basic organic chemistry, cell structure and function, including a detailed understanding of respiration and photosynthesis, cell reproduction, genetics, a detailed description of most phyla in the five kingdoms, plant anatomy and physiology, animal anatomy and physiology, evolution and ecology. Laboratory exercises correspond to each curricular topic. At the end of the course, students have the opportunity to take the AP exam. 
    Completion of Biology with a grade of B+ or higher, successful completion of the summer assignment, recommendation of the student’s current teacher, and approval of the Department Chair, are required for enrollment in AP Biology.
     
  • AP Chemistry

    Advanced Placement Chemistry is designed primarily to provide students with an educational experience equivalent to a full year, university-level, introductory Chemistry course. AP Chemistry revisits all of the topics introduced in the first-year Chemistry course, in much greater depth, and also covers: hybridization; molecular geometry of hypervalent molecules; properties of solids, liquids and solutions; chemical kinetics; free energy, enthalpy and entropy changes in chemical reactions; electrochemistry; and coordination chemistry. AP Chemistry goes beyond the College Board curriculum by including topics such as: molecular orbital bonding models, the Arrhenius rate equation, quantitative models for colligative properties, and the Nernst equation. Laboratory work is intended to further develop investigative skills, and focuses on experiments in stoichiometry, quantitative analysis, thermochemistry, equilibrium, and kinetics. 

    Prerequisites for enrollment in AP Chemistry include: completion of Chemistry with a grade of A- or higher; a high level of proficiency in algebra, including logarithmic and exponential functions; successful completion of the summer assignment; recommendation of the student’s current teacher; and approval of the Science Department. 
  • AP Physics C: Mechanics

    In physics we seek to describe physical situations through models and equations. In developing this foundational understanding of our world, we can make predictions about what will happen in given situations. The course emphasizes understanding of physical concepts, critical thinking and problem solving. Critical thinking skills will be fostered through teacher guidance and collaborative group work. Laboratory investigations and analysis will be a significant part of course work. This course operates as a first year university level calculus based physics course. It prepares students to take the AP Physics C: Mechanics exam in May. This course is offered as a first physics course, meaning that no prior physics course is required to enroll. 
     
    Concurrent enrollment in AP Calculus AB or successful completion of a full year of calculus (AP or not) with a grade of A- or above, successful completion of the summer assignment, recommendation of the student’s current teacher, and approval of the Department Chair, are required for enrollment in AP Physics.
  • Bioethics

    This course will focus on ethical issues in biological research, medicine, and agriculture. We will explore the history of ethics in medical research as well as ethical considerations around genetics and genomics. Topics may include the history of bioethics and informed consent, gene editing, gene therapy, genetic data privacy and confidentiality, and genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
  • Biology

    Biology is an introductory course that focuses on the hierarchical organization of biological systems from the molecular level to the level of cells and organisms and ultimately to the level of ecosystems. The course covers basic biological themes such as the diversity of living organisms, cells, photosynthesis and cellular respiration, genetics, evolution, DNA technology, plant and animal biology, population and community ecology, and medical and environmental issues. Laboratory work emphasizes experimental design, data analysis, and common biological laboratory and field techniques. 
  • Chemistry

    Chemistry focuses on developing an understanding of the fundamental principles that govern the structure and reactivity of matter on the atomic and molecular scale. Topics covered include: classification of matter, atomic structure, the periodic table, chemical bonding, molecular geometry, chemical composition and formulas, descriptions of chemical reactions, stoichiometry, states of matter, properties and reactions of ionic compounds in aqueous solutions, oxidation-reduction reactions, and acid-base chemistry. Laboratory work, in which students learn to carefully make and interpret observations, record and analyze quantitative data, and communicate their conclusions clearly and concisely, is an integral part of the course. The course places major emphasis on the development of analytical problem-solving skills, which require a high level of proficiency in algebra and quantitative manipulation. Placement in Algebra 2 or higher is a prerequisite.
  • Conceptual Chemistry

    Throughout Conceptual Chemistry, students will explore the fundamental concepts related to the structure and reactivity of matter via the investigation of real-world phenomena and their societal context. Students will discover how chemistry influences their lives through technology and engineering, and how chemistry is profoundly interconnected with other fields of science. Phenomena examined will include: water scarcity and the feasibility of desalination plants as a solution (physical and chemical properties of matter), plastic pollution in the ocean (density), the chemistry of fireworks (properties of atoms), nuclear energy and its uses in technology and medicine (atomic structure), ocean acidification (acids, bases, and pH), and more! In this course, students will focus on science as a set of tools and skills which will allow them to critically assess information and formulate scientific questions. Students will build independent investigation skills allowing them to design experiments, collect data, and draw valid conclusions from their research. Emphasis will be placed on scientific modeling, making connections between concepts, scientific writing and argumentation, and project-based assessments.
  • Conceptual Physics

    Conceptual physics is a course designed to acquaint students with the scientific principles of the world that surrounds us. The course, which emphasizes understanding and concept development, is accessible to all students, including those who are not in advanced mathematics courses. The course is laboratory and discussion centered. The spectrum of topics covered ranges from Newtonian mechanics to electricity to waves to light. The course highlights applications of the concepts in everyday life, and encourages students to achieve scientific literacy. Prerequisite: a desire to understand why the physical world behaves like it does.
  • Earth Systems Science

    Earth Systems Science (ESS) is a comprehensive course that explores the physical, chemical, geological, and biological processes that interact to shape our planet. In examining a variety of Earth’s processes including the planet’s formation, plate tectonics, freshwater, glaciers, and atmosphere, students gain a better understanding of the natural world around them. The objective of ESS is to understand the dynamic nature of planet Earth: how it has changed over time, how it is currently changing, and how humans affect, and are affected by, Earth’s systems. Students will analyze topics from a scientific perspective over the course of the year through observational and experimental laboratory activities, including trips to Rock Creek Park.
  • Environmental Science

    Environmental Science (10th grade): 
    Environmental Science is a comprehensive course that explores the interactions and interconnections within Earth's systems through the overarching lens of global Climate Change. Students will develop an understanding of Earth's dynamic processes, environmental challenges, and the role of human activity in shaping the planet. Through field and laboratory-based research,  discussions, and projects, students will gain insights into the natural world and their place in it.
     
    Environmental Science (9th grade):
    Environmental Science students will understand the dynamic nature of planet Earth: how it has changed over time, how it is currently changing, and how humans affect, and are affected by, Earth’s systems. Students will analyze topics from a scientific perspective over the year through observational and experimental laboratory activities, including trips to Rock Creek Park.
     
  • Medical Microbiology

    This course will begin with an introduction to the basic functions of the lymphatic (immune) system, which will lead to an exploration of infectious diseases both viral and bacterial. Viral diseases under study will include HIV, influenza, Nipah, and measles; while the second half of the trimester will be dedicated to the study of bacterial diseases including tuberculosis, leprosy, anthrax, and MRSA.
  • Physics

    In physics we seek to describe physical situations through models and equations. In developing this foundational understanding of our world, we can make predictions about what will happen in given situations. Through problem solving, experimentation and projects, students gain insight into Newtonian mechanics. Additional topics may include optics and electricity. Juniors who wish to enroll must concurrently be taking Advanced Precalculus. 

Department Faculty

Co-ed, progressive, college prep school in Washington, DC featuring a challenging curriculum in an inclusive environment for grades 6-12.